1. The Development of Political Opposition Vectors in the US, 1980-2020 • Sergio Galaz-Garcia, Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE); Manuel Cuerno, CUNEF Universidad; Fernando Galaz Garcia, Durham University; Telmo Periz, Basque Center for Mathematics.

2. A Policy-Focused Examination of the Political Center • Steven M. Karceski, Colby College.

3. State Formation, Patronage, and Parties in the Early American Republic • Benjamin Rohr, University of Mannheim.

4. The Myth of the Water’s Edge: The Domestic Fallout of Competing Internationalisms in the American Century • James Sparrow, University of Chicago.